diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 14f3221..a4ca083 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,28 +1,33 @@
 .PHONY: lint fmt check test
 
+GOBIN := $(HOME)/go/bin
+BIN_GOFUMPT   := $(GOBIN)/gofumpt
+BIN_GOIMPORTS := $(GOBIN)/goimports
+BIN_LINT      := $(GOBIN)/golangci-lint
+
 # === 代码格式化 ===
 fmt:
 	@echo "==> gofumpt..."
-	@gofumpt -l -w internal/ cmd/
+	@$(BIN_GOFUMPT) -l -w internal/ cmd/
 	@echo "==> goimports..."
-	@goimports -w internal/ cmd/
+	@$(BIN_GOIMPORTS) -w internal/ cmd/
 
 # === 格式检查（CI 用，只读不改） ===
 fmt-check:
 	@echo "==> gofumpt check..."
-	@test -z "$$(gofumpt -l internal/ cmd/)" || (echo "gofumpt: 以下文件格式不正确：" && gofumpt -l internal/ cmd/ && exit 1)
+	@test -z "$$($(BIN_GOFUMPT) -l internal/ cmd/)" || (echo "gofumpt: 以下文件格式不正确：" && $(BIN_GOFUMPT) -l internal/ cmd/ && exit 1)
 	@echo "==> goimports check..."
-	@test -z "$$(goimports -l internal/ cmd/)" || (echo "goimports: 以下文件 import 不规范：" && goimports -l internal/ cmd/ && exit 1)
+	@test -z "$$($(BIN_GOIMPORTS) -l internal/ cmd/)" || (echo "goimports: 以下文件 import 不规范：" && $(BIN_GOIMPORTS) -l internal/ cmd/ && exit 1)
 
 # === 静态分析（报告模式，不阻断） ===
 lint:
 	@echo "==> golangci-lint (report only)..."
-	@golangci-lint run ./... || true
+	@$(BIN_LINT) run ./... || true
 
 # === 静态分析（阻断模式，CI 用） ===
 lint-strict:
 	@echo "==> golangci-lint (strict)..."
-	@golangci-lint run ./...
+	@$(BIN_LINT) run ./...
 
 # === 测试 ===
 test: